Month: September 2021

Get Rid of Yellowjacket Nests in Your Walls & Home

Signs of a Yellowjacket Wasp Nest Inside Walls of a House & How to Handle an Infestation

Yellowjacket wasps are aggressive and dangerous stinging insects native to the Northeast.

The stinging insect is a common nuisance to the region, particularly during the summer, as it thrives in warm climates.

Residents of the New England area, and surrounding states, should beware of this venomous pest. Its stings are painful and can trigger fatal allergic reactions like anaphylaxis.

Homes or properties with flower beds, wall voids, rock piles, or sheds may face a yellowjacket infestation at some point in the spring or summer season, as these can look quite inviting to the stinging pest.

Yellowjackets love to build their nests in trees, shrubs, and man-made structures — like the walls of a home, garage, shed, or other building.

To keep yourself and loved ones safe, it’s important to understand how to detect the signs of a yellowjacket infestation.

It’s also just as vital to know who to call to get rid of a wasp nest in walls of a house or other manmade structure.

Signs of a Yellowjacket Wasp Nest Inside Walls

Homeowners should be alarmed if they notice a large number of yellowjackets flying in or around the home, garage, or other structure on the property.  

It should also raise concern if a round, paper nest about the size of a softball is found on the premises. This softball-sized nest is a budding habitat that can house up to 4,000 yellowjackets if left unaddressed.

: closeup of gray yellowjacket nest in a house eave with three wasps crawling out of the nest

Yellowjackets can enter the walls of a structure through the mortar, frame, or an opening in the ventilation system. To build or expand nests in walls, yellowjackets chew through the infrastructure of a building — primarily wood, drywall, or even caulk.

A major sign that a yellowjacket nest is in the walls of a structure is hearing scratching, humming, or crinkling noises that sound from the wall(s). The crinkling noises sound as if someone is rustling cellophane against the wall.

Such noises can indicate that a yellowjacket colony is building or expanding their habitat within the wall(s) of the house. If you hear this sound while in your home, garage, shed, or other structure on the property, a professional must be called to get rid of the wasp nest in the walls.

Fully developed yellowjacket nests in walls contain many layers and consequently have numerous access points.

The nest’s intricate infrastructure ensures the yellowjacket colony is sheltered from danger and thus makes it incredibly difficult and risky for an untrained individual to remove.

Yellowjackets are also very territorial and will attack if they feel the colony is being threatened. Moreover, unlike bees, a single yellowjacket can sting multiple times. Even worse is yellowjackets oftentimes attack in groups.

Homeowners should be extremely cautious if they suspect a yellowjacket nest is hiding in the walls of the home and immediately call a licensed pest control expert.

A licensed specialist can remove the yellowjacket nest and seal all the points of entry into the home or building as leaving open entryways heightens the possibility of a reoccurrence.

Avoid Getting Stung

If a yellowjacket infestation is found in or around the home, it is important residents take care to avoid getting stung until a pest control specialist arrives.

The primary danger of yellowjacket stings is that yellowjacket venom can trigger allergic reactions like swelling, hives, or rashes. If severe enough, these reactions can be life-threatening.

However, the only way to know if a person is allergic to yellowjacket venom is to get stung — which is not advisable.

Considering the possibility of severe reactions caused by yellowjacket stings, residents should take precautions to protect themselves.

If you suspect there is an infestation on the property or wasp nest in the walls of the house, individuals are advised to wear long-sleeved shirts, pants, gloves, and closed-toe shoes — especially when outside.

Layered or thick clothing can help protect skin against yellowjackets, but keep in mind that yellowjacket stingers can puncture through most fabrics, so this only works with strong, durable material, like denim.

For additional shielding, a netted veil and hat, similar to what a beekeeper might wear, can help to shield the face.

To discourage yellowjackets from swarming around the home, cover outside garbage cans as the contents, such as sugary residues from soda bottles can attract yellowjackets.

Plant herbs like thyme, citronella, and lemongrass. These herbs help to repel yellowjackets and other lawn pests, like mosquitoes.

Until a professional can address the infestation, such measures should be taken to discourage more yellowjackets from invading the property.

How Catseye Pest Control Can Eliminate a Yellowjacket Infestation

The pest and wildlife professionals at Catseye Pest Control have the skills, training, and necessary equipment to properly handle a yellowjacket infestation and wasp nest removal.

Catseye performs a free, detailed inspection of the property then creates a customized wasp removal service depending on the severity of the infestation.

To reinforce the home or building against future infestations or stimy reoccurrence, Catseye uses Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices, which are effective yet environmentally friendly methods that remove and repel pests.

IPM is included with the Catseye Platinum Protection Program, a service that keeps pests at bay all year-round.

Contact a Professional

Unlike hornets, whose nests are typically above ground, yellowjackets prefer more enclosed spaces like walls, so finding the points of entry can be exceedingly difficult.

A trained pest technician can locate and identify access points that an untrained eye would overlook.

Yellowjackets’ aggressive nature and poisonous stingers make them tactical predators capable of harming people.

Therefore, it is best to seek a professional’s help to safely address the infestation and properly remove the nest.

Allow us to provide the swift and thorough care your property needs and that your family deserves.

Contact our technicians today to learn how we can help defend your home against unwanted pests.

This article appeared first on Catseye Pest

Coming soon to your neighborhood? Spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula

 

Like thousands of her kin in the eastern half of the United States, this very pregnant female lanternfly rests on the bark of a tree before depositing a bumper crop of eggs.

Like thousands of her kin in the eastern half of the United States, this very pregnant female lanternfly rests on the bark of a tree before depositing a bumper crop of eggs.

 

Last September we caught up the spotted lanternfly, one of the most important recent invaders of crops and landscape plants in the eastern United States. We learned about its detection in the US in 2014 in Berks County, Pennsylvania, crop damage and despair associated with lanternfly infestations, and how immature stages and adults are moving throughout our land. This year, while humans were struggling with the rampant spread of the Delta variant of Covid, lanternflies were engaged in their own astonishing spread throughout our land. Locally in the DMV, the number of infested counties went from two on September 23, 2020 to six on September 7, 2021, and Maryland saw an even greater number of infestations with a jump from two infested counties in 2020 to nine in 2021. Far-flung infestations have popped up hundreds of miles distant from the initial infestation in Berks County, PA and have appeared in Indiana, Ohio, and New York this year. Isolated detections of individual lanternflies have been found almost 500 miles from Berks County in Henderson County, North Carolina.       

In the DMV and nearby states, the number of counties infested with spotted lanternfly has increased dramatically in the past year.

In the DMV and nearby states, the number of counties infested with spotted lanternfly has increased dramatically in the past year.

How do spotted lanternflies move about? Entomologists at Penn State have found flight-incapable immature stages of spotted lanternflies able to travel hundreds of feet in their quest for food. Scientists at Cornell suggest that on their own, lanternflies can move 3 to 4 miles by walking, jumping, and flying. So, if self-initiated lanternfly dispersal is limited to a matter of miles, how are isolated individuals discovered and infestations generated hundreds of miles from the generally infested area in the mid-Atlantic? According to entomologist Julie Urban at Penn State, the most likely explanation for these long-distance peregrinations lays in human-assisted transport of lanternflies, especially lanternfly eggs. It is believed that spotted lanternflies arrived in Pennsylvania around 2012 from Asia, a trip of some 7,000 miles, in a shipment of stone products bearing lanternfly egg masses. Unlike many herbivorous insects that lay eggs on food plants of their young, spotted lanternfly mothers deposit egg masses on non-host objects including stones, cinder blocks, lawn furniture, and vehicles, in addition to trees.  These nondescript egg masses are easily overlooked on natural and human-made items and easily transported inadvertently by road or rail. Unfortunately, at the epicenter of the spotted lanternfly infestation in southeastern Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey, several major interstate highways and railways run north and south, east and west, crisscrossing a region replete with warehouses, truck stops, and railroad depots embedded in a matrix of orchards, vineyards, and forests that serve as hosts for lanternflies.  Unfortunately, recent climatic data from the US and Asia suggest that much of the mid-Atlantic and Central regions of the US and portions of California, Oregon, and Washington State have climates suitable for the survival of spotted lanternfly.  

From September to December, spotted lanternflies can be found resting and feeding on tree bark and depositing eggs covered with white or grey wax. By late winter and early spring much of this protective cover has worn off and changed color to tawny brown or grey. Early stages of lanternfly nymphs are black with white speckles and in the final nymphal stage, they are red with black patches and brilliant white spots. From now until the arrival of lethal temperatures, they will be seen on a wide variety of trees. If you spot spotted lanternflies in your landscape, please report your sighting to your state Department of Agriculture or University Extension Service. Video by Mike Raupp and Mauri Hickin

Is there any good news in this unsavory story? You bet. Just as many of our indigenous beneficial insects ganged up to put a beat down on brown marmorated stink bugs, several of the same good guys – spiders, mantises, assassin bugs, and parasitic wasps – have added spotted lanternfly eggs, nymphs, and adults to their menus. Even more exciting is the discovery of two naturally occurring pathogenic fungi, Batkoa major and Beauveria bassiana, responsible for collapsing an infestation of spotted lanternflies near Reading, Pennsylvania in 2018. These and other fungi are showing great promise as mycoinsecticides that can be applied by growers and homeowners to control lanternfly nymphs and adults.

Will spotted lanternflies soon be coming to your neighborhood? Maybe so, and officials in several states are urging citizens to report sightings of spotted lanternflies to your state Department of Agriculture or University Extension Service.

This map shows the rapidly expanding number of counties reporting infestations of spotted lanternflies (blue counties). Internal state quarantines are outlined in red, and counties with isolated detections have a small purple dot. Map courtesy of Brian Eshenaur and the New York State Integrated Pest Management Program (NYS IPM).

This map shows the rapidly expanding number of counties reporting infestations of spotted lanternflies (blue counties). Internal state quarantines are outlined in red, and counties with isolated detections have a small purple dot. Map courtesy of Brian Eshenaur and the New York State Integrated Pest Management Program (NYS IPM).

To learn more about spotted lanternfly, please visit these links: 

https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly

https://nysipm.cornell.edu/environment/invasive-species-exotic-pests/spotted-lanternfly/spotted-lanternfly-ipm/biology-life-cycle-identification-and-dispersion/

https://nysipm.cornell.edu/environment/invasive-species-exotic-pests/spotted-lanternfly/spotted-lanternfly-ipm/management-predators-and-parasitoids/

https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2021/09/13/spotted-laternfly-invasive-trees-midatlantic/

Acknowledgements

Bug of the Week thanks Kevin Ambrose for providing the inspiration for this episode and Dr. Shrewsbury for spotting and wrangling spotted lanternflies. Mauri Hickin graciously provided the image of the early instar nymphs. We acknowledge the great work of scientists contributing to our knowledge of this pest with particular thanks to authors of articles and aforementioned websites used as references, including “Perspective: shedding light on spotted lanternfly impacts in the USA” by Julie M. Urban, “Dispersal of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Nymphs Through Contiguous, Deciduous Forest” by Joseph A. Keller, Anne E. Johnson, Osariyekemwen Uyi, Sarah Wurzbacher, David Long, and Kelli Hoover, “The Establishment Risk of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) in the United States and Globally” by Tewodros T. Wakie, Lisa G. Neven, Wee L. Yee, andZhaozhi Lu, and “Applications of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) to Control Populations of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), in Semi-Natural Landscapes and on Grapevines” by Eric H. Clifton, Ann E. Hajek, Nina E. Jenkins, Richard T. Roush, John P. Rost, and David J. Biddinger. Thanks to Brian Eshenaur and the entire team at the New York State Integrated Pest Management Program of Cornell University for providing the updated maps of spotted lanternfly in the US.

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Damage Caused by Termites & How to Prevent It

Signs of Termite Damage & How to Prevent Costly Repairs with Prevention

At only 1/4-inch in length, termites manage to wreak serious havoc on homes and businesses that far outweighs their weight and size.

Damage caused by termites can render buildings structurally unsound — which is a terrifying thought for any homeowner or business operator.

In fact, an average-sized colony hosts about 60,000 worker termites, which can destroy the equivalent of a single foot of a two-by-four beam in a mere five months.

Colonies that are at least five years old may contain over a million termites. So, if a termite infestation goes unnoticed, it can become problematic quite quickly.

Coastal states such as New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island are especially susceptible to the pests. States lining New England’s shore are attractive to termites due to the dense forestry, humidity, and rich soil.

Termites flourish under such conditions and are most prevalent in the spring and summer, but they are still active during the cooler months.

In fall and winter, termites burrow deeper underground or into the wood they are invading to stay warm.

Most species reproduce rapidly and have long lifespans, such as the eastern subterranean termite species, which is native to the Northeast. Under suitable conditions, the termite queen can live for 30 or 50 years.

Since the queen could potentially live for 50 years, this creates ample opportunity for the colony to repopulate and thrive.

In the early stages of the colony, the queen might lay 10 to 20 eggs. But, as the colony begins to flourish, she can lay nearly 1,000 eggs at a time.

All of this can happen quite quickly and can cause more than just a headache for the property owner.  

The damage caused by termites is costly and can result in financial ruin for a homeowner or business owner.

These tiny structural pests, while helpful agents in breaking down rotted trees, are a menace to man-made structures and oftentimes they are found too late.

Within the U.S. alone, termites cost property owners billions of dollars in structural damage annually and over $2 billion in repairs.

It’s crucial, therefore, to understand what attracts termites, the damage of termites, and how to reinforce a property or home to prevent termites from invading the foundation and infrastructure.

Types of Termites & the Damage Each Can Cause

There are several types of termites that present major threats to homeowners or business owners, namely subterranean termites, drywood termites, and dampwood termites.

The damage each termite causes is based on the species, burrowing habits, and the type of wood they eat.

Subterranean Termite Damage

Subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavipes), as the name suggests, live underground, making a meal out of moist or decaying wood.

Reputed for being the fastest reproducers amongst the termite species, subterranean termites are the most common termite species in the Northeast as they thrive off the region’s fertile soil, woods, and moist climate.

Subterranean termites possess sharp teeth and powerful jaws that can destroy an entire home’s foundation if left undetected — a headache for any homeowner.

closeup of a dark, brown-colored subterranean swarming termite crawling on light brown wood surface

This type of termite needs excessive moisture, so they are most attracted to areas like drains, leaky pipes, and wooden structures that are directly embedded in soil, like porches or fences.

Homes or businesses that struggle with poor water drainage, ventilation, or are surrounded by lots of exposed wood should check for these structural pests.

Signs of a termite infestation include:

  • Detached termite wings.
  • Drooping floors.
  • Tiny holes in drywall — also known as kick-holes.
  • Peeling paint.
  • Blisters, wood tunnels, or gaps in flooring.
  • Tiny mud tubes on the ground that lead to the foundation of a structure or home.
  • Incessant clicking noises made by termite jaws sawing through hard materials.

However, even if there are no visible signs of termite damage, this does not mean a home or business is completely termite-free. It is best to contact a pest control specialist to inspect for a termite infestation.

Damage inflicted by subterranean termites is not immediately apparent as these pests eat wood from the inside out, to the point of collapsing entire buildings.

Subterranean termites feed on subfloors and the subsequent destruction resembles water damage.

closeup of a baseboard on a black carpet that has been chewed apart by termites

Severely damaged wooden structures become hollow shells that resemble honeycombs thanks to the hollowed chambers. These openings create the perfect environment for subterranean colony nests.

Subterranean termite nests appear as hollow strips that follow the grain of the wood.

The mandibles, or jaws, of subterranean termites can even saw through non-porous materials like plastic, varnished wood, and thin metal.

Other materials easily destroyed by the subterranean termite include paper, fiberboard, rubber, and cotton-based fabric.

Although it will not consume these materials, a termite could create an opening to access the wood beneath.

Drywood Termite Damage

Drywood termites (Incisitermes minor) are especially threatening to buildings and homes as they favor structurally sound, dry wood.

Drywood termites can invade the home by way of infested firewood or wooden furniture that is brought inside.

This species of termite is not as prevalent in the Northeast as they do not like excessively moist climates. But areas that face arid springs and summers like the Southeast or Midwest should beware of this termite species.

Drywood termites do not require vast sources of outside moisture to survive. The moisture contained within dry wood is enough to sustain them.

closeup of adult light brown and dark brown-colored drywood termite soldier on a piece of wood

Drywood termites’ colonies are much smaller than those of subterranean termites, generally housing only about 3,000 to 5,000 termites. Whereas subterranean termite colonies, on average, can reach around 60,000 termites or more.

But regardless of their small-sized colonies, drywood termites can still cause profound structural damage as multiple drywood colonies can exist in a single wood piece.

Drywood termites eat against the grain of wood, resulting in the destruction of both the soft springwood and hard summerwood layers of a piece of lumber.

closeup of a wooden patio post with holes created by drywood termites

This type of termite constructs its colonies by chewing tunnels and chambers in structurally sound wooden pieces such as:

  • Roof sheathing
  • Attic beams
  • Rafters
  • Siding
  • Exposed wood trim
  • Porches, decks, and patios
  • Floors
  • Subfloors
  • Door and window frames
  • Furniture
  • Walls

 

Drywood termites create kick-holes, or tiny holes in places like drywall and flooring, then dispense their feces, which resemble pellets called frass, through the openings. Frass and miniscule kick-holes are clear signs of drywood termites.

closeup of drywood termite pellets dispensed near a white baseboard

In addition to breaking beams and furniture, the presence of drywood termites can result in the structure of a home, shed, garage, or other building becoming weak and unstable.

While a subterranean termite colony can destroy a house’s infrastructure within three years, it can take a drywood termite colony between five to eight years to cause significant, but repairable — albeit expensive — damage.

But drywood termites are excellent hiders. To truly eradicate them from a building’s infrastructure, professional termite treatment and control is necessary.

Dampwood Termite Damage

Dampwood termites (termopsidae) inhabit wet wood, decayed wood, and wood embedded in or near the ground.

In terms of size, this species of termite is one of the largest found in North America. King and queen dampwood termites can reach nearly an inch in length.

closeup of a brown and yellow adult dampwood termite worker

Dampwood termites require constant exposure to water and humidity, so they often infest high-moisture areas, such as wall cavities, in structures that struggle with:

  • Old, plugged gutters
  • Leaky pipes
  • Broken ventilators
  • Obstructed drains

Buildings that face excessive moisture due to the issues listed above invite dampwood termites inside to build their colonies.

Like drywood termites, dampwood termites eat across the wood grain. Their colonies appear clean-cut since dampwood termites cover the holes they create with their own feces.

Water-damaged buildings and homes should beware of this pest as it can lead to significant issues.

closeup of termite-damaged wood next to a white, wood floor

The best defense against dampwood termites is good drainage that ensures water is swept away from the home.

A dry, well-insulated home or building helps to repel these destructive pests — making it important to repair water damage found throughout the structure.

How to Prevent Termite Damage

Although it can be nearly impossible to eliminate a termite infestation on your own, there are steps that homeowners and business owners can take as a means to help prevent an infestation from occurring.

One way to prevent termite damage before it begins is by reinforcing the structure, especially during construction. Taking extra precautions now can help to save time, headaches, and money later.

Additional steps that can be taken include:

  • Remove all surrounding, underground, or embedded tree stumps, roots, and other wood debris from the site prior to construction. This step should also be taken for established homes and buildings.
  • Enlist a licensed pest control specialist to treat soil and wood with EPA-approved liquid soil-applied termiticides and other chemicals.
  • Slope the soil surface around the building to help drain water away from the property.
  • Reinforce all foundations with concrete or barriers made from metal or plastic.
  • Properly store firewood by cutting it in small chunks, stacking it away from the home, and keeping the piles covered and raised off the ground.
  • Plant trees at least 20 feet away from a structure’s foundation
  • Immediately fix ventilation, leaking pipes, and blocked drains or gutters.
  • Regularly replace and maintain insulation to help keep it dry and pest-resistant.
  • Get rid of wood debris, rotting wood piles, damp lumber, and other similar items.

Termites are also often mistaken for carpenter ants, which cause relatively less damage and are not usually found in dry wood. But carpenter ants can still be a nightmare for homeowners and business owners alike.

Before construction, consult with a licensed pest control expert on how to reinforce the foundation and infrastructure to protect it from termite damage.

Control Termite Damage with Expert Help

Termites and other structural, wood-eating pests must be detected and stopped in the early stages of infestation to help save both the building and thousands of dollars in repair.

Do-it-yourself efforts can be helpful, but ultimately are not enough to repel termites and save a structure. Consulting an expert and having the property treated is the ultimate defense against termites.

Catseye Pest Control provides termite control and treatment services, an individualized service that covers all the bases of managing an infestation and keeps homes termite-free.

Catseye Pest Control’s termite control and treatment includes:

  • Using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices — environmentally friendly pest control techniques that focus on reinforcement against all types of pests.
  • Meticulous termite inspection(s) of the home.
  • Extensive service visits that go beyond the normally allotted time slots.
  • Customized termite treatment programs based on the severity of the property’s structural damage and infestation.

Contact Catseye now for a free pest inspection and to learn how we can help defend your home, garage, restaurant, or other building against termites.

This article appeared first on Catseye Pest

Large, scary hornets stripping bark from trees, eating fruit, and going “bump in the night”: European hornet, Vespa crabro

 

European hornets and other stinging insects are often found dining on fallen fruit beneath trees. Be careful near fruit trees during late summer and autumn when fruit is on the ground.

European hornets and other stinging insects are often found dining on fallen fruit beneath trees. Be careful near fruit trees during late summer and autumn when fruit is on the ground.

 

During the waning weeks of summer, messages pour in about large hornets bumping into windows at night, stripping bark from trees and shrubs, or simply frightening folks with their presence. Throughout the last two years, these giants of the wasp world were often mistaken for dreaded “murder hornets”, an invasive scourge of honeybees and beekeepers in the Pacific Northwest. Ergo, now is a good time to visit another foreigner, the European hornet, that calls the United States home. European hornets first appeared in the US in New York sometime between 1840 and 1860.These predators spread and now occupy territory from the east coast to the boarders of the Dakotas. In nature, European hornets use a tree cavity as the location for a nest, but occasionally, as was the case with my neighbor across the street, hornets will nest in a wall void.

European hornets are sometimes mistaken to be Asian giant hornets, a.k.a. murder hornets. This side-by-side comparison will help you to distinguish between the two.

European hornets are sometimes mistaken to be Asian giant hornets, a.k.a. murder hornets. This side-by-side comparison will help you to distinguish between the two.

The colony is founded by a single queen that survives the harsh winter beneath the bark of a fallen log or in a similar protected location. In spring when warmer temperatures return she becomes active, gathering bark from trees, constructing a small paper nest, and laying eggs destined to become workers. After the queen successfully raises her first batch of sterile female workers, she remains in the nest producing brood while her daughters take up the tasks of enlarging the nest, protecting it, and gathering food for the young. Caterpillars, flies, cicadas, grasshoppers and other stinging insects like yellowjackets are all on the menu. European hornets are somewhat unique from other clan members such as yellowjackets and baldfaced hornets in their foraging behaviors. European hornets hunt at night. They are also attracted to light and can be found buzzing around porch lights or heard crashing into windowpanes after dark. Several times this past month while reading in bed, European hornets were the “things that go bump in the night” at my bedroom windows.

In addition to eating other insects, in late summer and early autumn European hornets readily dine on fallen fruit and sap fluxes on tree bark. They engage in a somewhat unusual behavior of feeding on plant tissues beneath the bark of trees and shrubs. A visit to one of my neighbor’s lilacs revealed mischievous European hornets stripping bark and greedily lapping exudates leaking from the wound. This annoying behavior has been observed on many types of trees and shrubs including lilac, rhododendron, ash, and birch. Unfortunately, small trees and shrubs can be severely damaged by this behavior. Many stinging insects feast on the sweet bounty of fallen fruit beneath trees. To reduce chances of a sting by a European hornet, yellowjacket, or wasp, don protective gloves and carefully pick up fallen fruit and compost it if it poses a risk. Wear shoes rather than going barefoot when you walk near fruit trees.

Tree hollows are typical nesting sites for European hornets in the wild. Cicadas and other insects serve as protein sources for developing larvae back at the nest. Hornets often imbibe liquid nutrients from sap fluxes on tree trunks. Powerful jaws strip bark from trees to be used in nest construction and also to expose nutritious tissues just beneath the bark. Bark feeding is common on many trees and shrubs in late summer and early autumn. To get up close and personal with these hornets, wait until late autumn when stingless drones can be found.

During autumn, the hornet colony operates at a fevered pace. Inside the colony, the queen no longer produces sterile daughters. She has shifted production from workers to female and male hornets. Females are destined to become queens of future generations. Males have just one purpose and that is to mate with the new queens. After fulfilling this biological imperative, males die. As autumn wanes, the colony is abandoned and queens find protected places to spend the chilly months of late autumn and winter. The nest will not be reused in subsequent years.

This large European hornet nest came from a wall void in my neighbor’s home.

This large European hornet nest came from a wall void in my neighbor’s home.

Although these hornets are large and scary looking, humans are unlikely to be stung by European hornets. I have photographed and video-recorded these gentle giants at a very close range and other than receiving an inquisitive stare, I was unmolested. To avoid being stung, simply avoid disturbing the nest site or the hornets. If European hornets have nested in a home or another location that poses a threat to human safety, they may be exterminated. Assistance from a professional may not be a bad idea. However, if the nest is out of harm’s way, I favor the approach of my neighbors who had a “live and let live arrangement” with these giants that had taken up residence in a wall void of their home. They decided to give the nest a respectable berth and simply enjoy the comings and goings of these spectacular insects.

Acknowledgements

Special thanks to many Master Naturalists and homeowners for sending images of European hornets, which served as the inspiration for this episode. Thanks to Dr. Shrewsbury for sharing videos of European hornets, Harry for directing me to his pillaged lilacs, and to Brooke and Ruth Ann for sharing a ginormous hornet’s nest that once resided inside their wall.

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